A short overview of the Anti-Atlas, Morocco
le géoparc du jbel bani - tata

Vous êtes ici : Accueil > Qu'est ce que la géologie > Géologie et TSGJB - AMDGJB > A short overview of the Anti-Atlas, Morocco

A short overview of the Anti-Atlas, Morocco

DR.Hervé Rezeau, DR.Cyril Chelle-Michou & DR.Michael Calder

           SEG Student Chapter of Geneva (Switzerland)           

SEG Student Chapter of Montpellier (France)

INTRODUCTION

Geology of Morocco has been subdivided into four structural domains, from north to south they are the following: the Rif domain, the Meseta domain, the High Atlas, and the Anti-Atlas, as they are shown in (Figure 1).

The Rif Range extends along the Mediterranean coast from the Kabylian-Tellian belts up to the Strait of Gibraltar. South of it, the Meseta domain is located, where elevated plateaus and intramontane basins occur. Further south the High Atlas system is found, which displays several massifs close to 4000 m, including the highest peak of northern Africa (Jebel Toubkal). The Middle Atlas represents a branch of the Atlas system that extends obliquely across the Meseta domain, and exceeds 3000 m in elevation. Finally, the Anti-Atlas domain is found, which rises forming a massive mountain that achieves up to 2700 m. Further south the elevation decreases both southward and westward from ca. 1000 m to less than 200 m close to the Atlantic.

Figure 1: Elevation map of Morocco and neighbouring countries from GTOPO30 database (A. Michard et al. 2008)

GEOLOGICAL SETTING OF THE ANTI-ATLAS

The Anti-Atlas mountain belt is located in the northern part of the West African Craton (WAC). It is stretching NE-SW and is characterized by Precambrian to late Proterozoic rocks covered by younger sediments of Edicaran to Cambrian in age. The geological boundary between the Anti-Atlas and High Atlas is structurally marked by the South Atlas fault (SAF) (Fig.2). The Anti-Atlas massif is a zone    of wide domal uplift with much weaker Alpine age deformation. The volcanics and conglomerates rocks from the Ouarzazate & Bou Salda group in the North-East are surrounding the older volcanics rocks

The Anti-Atlas mountain belt is located in the northern part of the West African Craton (WAC). It is stretching NE-SW and is characterized by Precambrian to late Proterozoic rocks covered by younger sediments of Edicaran to Cambrian in age. The geological boundary between the Anti-Atlas and High Atlas is structurally marked by the South Atlas fault (SAF) (Fig.2). The Anti-Atlas massif is a zone    of wide domal uplift with much weaker Alpine age deformation. The volcanics and conglomerates rocks from the Ouarzazate & Bou Salda group in the North-East are surrounding the older volcanics rocks and turbidite sequences from the Sahgro Group and the Pan-African granite intrusions. This geomorphological feature is commonly called inliers (“boutonnière” in French) and is the result of an exposed older rock formation surrounded by younger rock, and is due to a high erosion rate of rocks with different hardness but also encouraged by deformation such as folding and faulting     (Gasquet et al. 2005). Several slivers of ophiolites are present in the Anti-Atlas belt, the best preserved are situated in the Bou Azzer, Siroua and Iriri region, which represent remnant of an ocean closure. The basement is composed of schists, granites and mylonites of Paleoproterozoic age. The latest Variscan and Alpine orogenic events overprint most of the Anti-Atlas geological province and thus complicate the Pre- Cambrian geodynamic interpretation. However, two main periods of tectono-thermal magmatic activity (Gasquet et al. 2005) are now recognised :

(i)A Palaeoproterozoic period, corresponding to the Eburnean (Birimian) orogeny,
(ii)A Neoproterozoic period, corresponding to the Pan-African orogeny. 
  

  

Figure 2: Schematic map of the Anti-Atlas Precambrian inliers (Boutonnière), and location of the maps, satellite views and lithospheric profile presented hereafter (Gasquet et al. 2008)

Source web : DR.Hervé Rezeau, DR.Cyril Chelle-Michou & DR.Michael Calder unige.ch

Imprimer l'article

Les articles en relation

Le Pommier de Sodome

Le Pommier de Sodome Très fréquent au Maroc dans les régions arides, le Pommier de Sodome (Calotropis procera) est très utilisé dans la pharmacopée traditionnelle malgré sa toxicit&eac

Savoir plus...

Magnifique cratère d'impact dans le Sahara vu de l'espace

Magnifique cratère d'impact dans le Sahara vu de l'espace Les images satellite, toujours plus précises et spectaculaires, nous révèlent souvent d’étonnants paysages génér

Savoir plus...

A qui profitent vraiment les revenus du tapis Taznakht (Géoparc Jbel Bani)

A qui profitent vraiment les revenus du tapis Taznakht (Géoparc Jbel Bani) Si le tapis de la région de Taznakht fait sa réputation, c’est grâce à sa laine, ses couleurs, mais aussi au nombre de

Savoir plus...

La gerboise du désert

La gerboise du désert « La gerboise du désert est un rongeur aux longues pattes postérieures dotées de trois doigts lui permettant de faire des bonds de plus de 3 m. Les gerboises fouissen

Savoir plus...

Oued Akka

L’Adrar Metgourine A 11 km au Nord d’Akka, la gara de Metgourine se présente comme un îlot dominant la plaine à un coude de l'oued Akka. Du côté Ouest, elle offre un escalier de da

Savoir plus...

L’Artisanat au Maroc

L’Artisanat au Maroc L’artisanat est classé au bon rang vis-à-vis des autres activités économiques au Maroc. Il représente l’énorme gisement économique du pays. Les p

Savoir plus...

CENTRAL ANTI-ATLAS TRAVERSE: the northern border of the West African Craton

CENTRAL ANTI-ATLAS TRAVERSE: the northern border of the West African Craton By DR. M. OUKASSOU, DR. H. EL HADI, DR. F. HAISSEN, DR. N. SABER ITINERARY and OBJECTIVES The  south  of  Morocco  is  one&nbs

Savoir plus...

Tachokalt et Tanzida revisités

Localisation et historique Les stations rupestres de Tachokalt et de Tanzida se trouvent à 23 kilomètres au sud de la localité de Fam el-?isn. Les gisements de gra-vures se situent aux droits de rides gréseus

Savoir plus...

Le complexe artisanal de Foum El Hisn transformé en dépotoir

Construit, il y a quelques années, le complexe artisanal de Foum El Hisn , province de Tata, favorise le regroupement des artisans et des professionnels pour leur permettre de stoker leurs produits en attendant leur commercialisa

Savoir plus...

Les tags en relation

Recherche du site

Recherche avancée / Spécifique

Géoparc et Recherche Scientifique

Le coins de l’étudiant

Blog Géoparc Jbel Bani

Découvrez notre escpace E-commerce


Pour commander cliquer ci-dessous Escpace E-commerce

Dictionnaire scientifique
Plus de 123.000 mots scientifiques

Les publications
Géo parc Jbel Bani

Circuits & excursions touristiques

cartothéques

Photothéques

Publications & éditions